Cr

Chromium

Projects

Major Chromium Projects Worldwide

The development pipeline for Chromium projects spans exploration through production across multiple jurisdictions. We track 3 key projects that will shape the future supply landscape for this refractory metal.

Current Production

44 million

tonnes (chromite ore)

Top Producer

South Africa

40% share

Projects Tracked

3

Reserves

12 billion tonnes (shipping-grade chromite)

Chromium Project Pipeline

The following projects represent the most significant Chromium operations and development-stage assets worldwide:

Bushveld Complex operations

Various (Glencore-Merafe, Samancor, others)

Production
Country: South Africa Capacity: ~17 million tonnes chromite/year

The Bushveld Igneous Complex in South Africa hosts approximately 72% of known global chromite reserves in massive stratiform deposits

Kempirsai chromite mines

ERG/Kazchrome

Production
Country: Kazakhstan Capacity: ~6 million tonnes ore/year

Second-largest chromite mining operation globally, located in northwestern Kazakhstan

Kemi Mine

Outokumpu

Production (expanding)
Country: Finland Capacity: ~2.7 million tonnes ore/year

Europes only chromite mine, located in northern Finland; undergoing underground expansion

Government Support and Strategic Initiatives

Recognizing the strategic importance of Chromium, governments in major consuming nations have launched programs to support project development. These include direct financing, loan guarantees, streamlined permitting, and bilateral resource partnerships. As a USGS-listed critical mineral, Chromium projects are eligible for various U.S. government support mechanisms including the Defense Production Act Title III program. EU Critical Raw Materials Act provisions enable fast-track permitting and financing support for Chromium projects within the EU and partner nations.

Key Industry Developments

Recent developments affecting the Chromium project landscape:

2008

South Africa experienced severe electricity crisis (Eskom load-shedding), curtailing ferrochrome smelting and causing global supply tightness

2016-2017

Ferrochrome benchmark negotiations shifted from quarterly to monthly pricing, increasing price volatility

2022

Russia-Ukraine conflict raised concerns about chromium supply as Kazakhstan (major producer) shares close economic ties with Russia

2023

South African load-shedding worsened to record levels, again constraining ferrochrome production and supporting prices

2024

EU designated chromium as critical under the Critical Raw Materials Act; concerns about processing concentration in South Africa and China intensified

Return to the Chromium hub page or browse the full Mineral Library.