Uses & Applications

Applications and End-Uses for Samarium

Samarium (Sm) is a high-criticality rare earth element with a diverse range of industrial and technological applications. As global demand for advanced materials intensifies, understanding where and how Samarium is consumed provides essential context for supply chain planning, investment analysis, and policy development.

Key Applications

The primary end-uses of Samarium span multiple sectors, each contributing to its classification as a critical material. The following applications represent the most significant sources of global demand:

• Samarium-cobalt permanent magnets — Samarium plays a vital role in samarium-cobalt permanent magnets, where its unique physical and chemical properties provide performance advantages that are difficult to replicate with alternative materials.
• Defense and aerospace magnets — Samarium plays a vital role in defense and aerospace magnets, where its unique physical and chemical properties provide performance advantages that are difficult to replicate with alternative materials.
• Cancer radiation treatment — Samarium plays a vital role in cancer radiation treatment, where its unique physical and chemical properties provide performance advantages that are difficult to replicate with alternative materials.
• Nuclear reactor control — Samarium plays a vital role in nuclear reactor control, where its unique physical and chemical properties provide performance advantages that are difficult to replicate with alternative materials.

Sector Breakdown

The largest consuming sector for Samarium is samarium-cobalt permanent magnets, which accounts for a substantial share of global demand. The second most significant application is defense and aerospace magnets, which has shown strong growth in recent years driven by technology adoption and regulatory requirements. Emerging applications across clean energy, defense, and advanced manufacturing are expected to expand the demand profile for Samarium in the coming decade.

Demand Outlook

With a criticality level of high and a supply risk rating of high, the demand trajectory for Samarium is closely monitored by governments and industry analysts. Its inclusion on the USGS critical minerals list underscores the strategic importance of securing stable supply for domestic industries. The European Union has similarly recognized its importance through inclusion on the EU Critical Raw Materials list. Growing demand from electrification, digitalization, and defense modernization programs is expected to place additional pressure on existing supply chains.